Jun 15, 2020 4 min read fail2ban

Fail2ban 配置 Nginx filter

簡要紀錄一下目前服務器上的 fail2ban 關於 nginx 的 filter 配置。

惡意爬蟲過濾器

[Definition]

badbotscustom = Sogou web spider|DotBot|AhrefsBot|Baiduspider|PetalBot|WOW64|Daum|Barkrowler|360Spider|Buck|Photon|SEOkicks|magpie-crawler|SemrushBot|SeznamBot|MJ12bot|EmailCollector|WebEMailExtrac|TrackBack/1\.02|sogou music spider|(?:Mozilla/\d+\.\d+ )?Jorgee

badbots = Atomic_Email_Hunter/4\.0|atSpider/1\.0|autoemailspider|bwh3_user_agent|China Local Browse 2\.6|ContactBot/0\.2|ContentSmartz|DataCha0s/2\.0|DBrowse 1\.4b|DBrowse 1\.4d|Demo Bot DOT 16b|Demo Bot Z 16b|DSurf15a 01|DSurf15a 71|DSurf15a 81|DSurf15a VA|EBrowse 1\.4b|Educate Search VxB|EmailSiphon|EmailSpider|EmailWolf 1\.00|ESurf15a 15|ExtractorPro|Franklin Locator 1\.8|FSurf15a 01|Full Web Bot 0416B|Full Web Bot 0516B|Full Web Bot 2816B|Guestbook Auto Submitter|Industry Program 1\.0\.x|ISC Systems iRc Search 2\.1|IUPUI Research Bot v 1\.9a|LARBIN-EXPERIMENTAL \(efp@gmx\.net\)|LetsCrawl\.com/1\.0 \+http\://letscrawl\.com/|Lincoln State Web Browser|LMQueueBot/0\.2|LWP\:\:Simple/5\.803|Mac Finder 1\.0\.xx|MFC Foundation Class Library 4\.0|Microsoft URL Control - 6\.00\.8xxx|Missauga Locate 1\.0\.0|Missigua Locator 1\.9|Missouri College Browse|Mizzu Labs 2\.2|Mo College 1\.9|MVAClient|Mozilla/2\.0 \(compatible; NEWT ActiveX; Win32\)|Mozilla/3\.0 \(compatible; Indy Library\)|Mozilla/3\.0 \(compatible; scan4mail \(advanced version\) http\://www\.peterspages\.net/?scan4mail\)|Mozilla/4\.0 \(compatible; Advanced Email Extractor v2\.xx\)|Mozilla/4\.0 \(compatible; Iplexx Spider/1\.0 http\://www\.iplexx\.at\)|Mozilla/4\.0 \(compatible; MSIE 5\.0; Windows NT; DigExt; DTS Agent|Mozilla/4\.0 efp@gmx\.net|Mozilla/5\.0 \(Version\: xxxx Type\:xx\)|NameOfAgent \(CMS Spider\)|NASA Search 1\.0|Nsauditor/1\.x|PBrowse 1\.4b|PEval 1\.4b|Poirot|Port Huron Labs|Production Bot 0116B|Production Bot 2016B|Production Bot DOT 3016B|Program Shareware 1\.0\.2|PSurf15a 11|PSurf15a 51|PSurf15a VA|psycheclone|RSurf15a 41|RSurf15a 51|RSurf15a 81|searchbot admin@google\.com|ShablastBot 1\.0|snap\.com beta crawler v0|Snapbot/1\.0|Snapbot/1\.0 \(Snap Shots&#44; \+http\://www\.snap\.com\)|sogou develop spider|Sogou Orion spider/3\.0\(\+http\://www\.sogou\.com/docs/help/webmasters\.htm#07\)|sogou spider|Sogou web spider/3\.0\(\+http\://www\.sogou\.com/docs/help/webmasters\.htm#07\)|sohu agent|SSurf15a 11 |TSurf15a 11|Under the Rainbow 2\.2|User-Agent\: Mozilla/4\.0 \(compatible; MSIE 6\.0; Windows NT 5\.1\)|VadixBot|WebVulnCrawl\.unknown/1\.0 libwww-perl/5\.803|Wells Search II|WEP Search 00

failregex = ^<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST|HEAD).*HTTP.*"*(?:%(badbots)s|%(badbotscustom)s).*"$

ignoreregex =

datepattern = {^LN-BEG}%%ExY(?P<_sep>[-/.])%%m(?P=_sep)%%d[T ]%%H:%%M:%%S(?:[.,]%%f)?(?:\s*%%z)?
              ^[^\[]*\[({DATE})
              {^LN-BEG}

/etc/fail2ban/filter.d/nginx-badbots.conf

自定義規則

[Definition]
failregex = ^<HOST> \- \S+ \[\] \"(GET|POST|HEAD) .+XDEBUG.+$
            ^<HOST> \- \S+ \[\] \"(GET|POST|HEAD) .+GponForm.+$
            ^<HOST> \- \S+ \[\] \"(GET|POST|HEAD) .+phpunit.+$
            ^<HOST> \- \S+ \[\] \"(GET|POST|HEAD) .+ajax-index\.php .+$
            ^<HOST> \- \S+ \[\] \"(GET|POST|HEAD) .+sellers\.json .+$
            ^<HOST> \- \S+ \[\] \"(GET|POST|HEAD) .+adminer\.php .+$
            ^<HOST> \- \S+ \[\] \"(GET|POST|HEAD) .+wp-configuration\.php.+$
            ^<HOST> \- \S+ \[\] \"(GET|POST|HEAD) .+ThinkPHP.+$
            ^<HOST> \- \S+ \[\] \"(GET|POST|HEAD) .+wp-config.+$
            ^<HOST> \- \S+ \[\] \"(GET|POST|HEAD) .+dede\/login\.php .+$
            ^<HOST> \- \S+ \[\] \"(GET|POST|HEAD) .+plus\/recommend\.php .+$
            ^<HOST> \- \S+ \[\] \"(GET|POST|HEAD) .+e\/install\/index.php .+$
            ^<HOST> \- \S+ \[\] \"(GET|POST|HEAD) .+m\/e\/install\/index\.php .+$
            ^<HOST> \- \S+ \[\] \"(GET|POST|HEAD) .+e_bak\/install\/index.php .+$
            ^<HOST> \- \S+ \[\] \"(GET|POST|HEAD) .+\.aspx .+$
            ^<HOST> \- \S+ \[\] \"(GET|POST|HEAD) .+\.act .+$
            ^<HOST>.*] "(GET|POST|HEAD) .*xmlrpc\.php.*
            ^<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST|HEAD).*HTTP\/1\.1.*"*.Mozilla/5\.0 \(Windows NT 6\.1\; rv\:60\.0\) Gecko\/20100101 Firefox\/60\.0.*"$
            ^<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST|HEAD).*HTTP\/1\.1.*"*.Photon.*"$
            ^<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST|HEAD).*HTTP\/1\.1.*"*.Mozilla\/5\.0 zgrab\/0\.x.*"$
            ^<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST|HEAD).*HTTP\/1\.1.*"*.XTC.*"$
            ^<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST|HEAD).*HTTP\/1\.1.*"*.python-requests.*"$
            ^<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST|HEAD).*HTTP\/1\.1.*"*.bidswitchbot.*"$
            ^<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST|HEAD).*HTTP\/1\.1.*"*.Google-adstxt.*"$
            ^<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST|HEAD).*HTTP\/1\.1.*"*.Apache-HttpClient.*"$
            ^<HOST>.*] "POST .*HTTP\/1\.1.*
            ^<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST|HEAD).*HTTP\/1\.1.*"*.Go-http-client\/1\.1.*"$
            ^<HOST> .* ".*\\x.*" .*$
            ^<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST|HEAD) .+wp-login\.php .*HTTP\/1\.1.*
            ^<HOST> -.*"(GET|POST|HEAD) .*wp-includes/wlwmanifest.xml .*HTTP\/1\.1.*
ignoreregex = ^<HOST>.*] "POST /xmlrpc\.php\?for=jetpack.*
              ^<HOST>.*] "POST /wp-cron\.php\?doing_wp_cron=.*
datepattern = {^LN-BEG}%%ExY(?P<_sep>[-/.])%%m(?P=_sep)%%d[T ]%%H:%%M:%%S(?:[.,]%%f)?(?:\s*%%z)?
              ^[^\[]*\[({DATE})
              {^LN-BEG}

/etc/fail2ban/filter.d/nginx-custom.conf

簡要說明一下：

防止Wordpress xmlrpc攻擊的規則，並且讓Jetpack正常運行

failregex = ^<HOST>.*] "(GET|POST|HEAD) .*xmlrpc\.php.*
ignoreregex = ^<HOST>.*] "POST /xmlrpc\.php\?for=jetpack.*

XMLRPC ATTACK

防止URL中的特殊字符攻擊

failregex = ^<HOST> .* ".*\\x.*" .*$

可以過濾掉如這樣的訪問紀錄

185.202.1.188 - - [23/Jun/2020:08:18:33 +0800] "\x03\x00\x00/*\xE0\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00Cookie: mstshash=Administr" 400 157 "-" "-"

nginx jail file

[nginx-http-auth]
enabled = true
filter  = nginx-http-auth
action  = iptables-multiport[name=nginx-http-auth,port="80,443"]
logpath = /var/log/nginx/*error.log

[nginx-badbots]
enabled  = true
port    = http,https
filter  = nginx-badbots
action = iptables-multiport[name=BadBots, port="http,https"]
logpath  = /var/log/nginx/*access.log
maxretry = 2
bantime  = 86400

[nginx-nohome]
enabled  = true
port    = http,https
filter  = nginx-nohome
logpath  = /var/log/nginx/*access.log
maxretry = 2

[nginx-noproxy]
enabled  = true
port     = http,https
filter   = nginx-noproxy
action = iptables-multiport[name=NoProxy, port="http,https"]
logpath  = /var/log/nginx/*access.log
maxretry = 2

[nginx-custom]
enabled  = true
port     = http,https
filter   = nginx-custom
action   = iptables-multiport[name=BadBots, port="http,https"]
logpath  = /var/log/nginx/*access.log
maxretry = 1
bantime  = 86400

/etc/fail2ban/jail.d/nginx.conf

Y Cheung

Blogger, Programer & Traveler.

Shanghai

惡意爬蟲過濾器

自定義規則

nginx jail file

Y Cheung

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